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Food poisoning. Acute gastroenteritis, also known as food poisoning, is brought on by consuming food or beverages contaminated with harmful microorganisms, toxins, or hazardous substances.

 

Food poisoning

Food poisoning

 

In public meals, hotels, hostels, and during festival seasons, food poisoning is a common occurrence.

A cluster of individuals will exhibit similar symptoms and report consuming a common food within the previous few hours.

 

Food poisoning types

 

1-    1-  Food poisoning caused by bacteria:

Bacteria are the microorganisms in question here. The food item will be consumed along with the potentially harmful bacteria or their toxin.

 

2-    2-   Food poisoning that isn't bacterial:

because harmful substances like pesticides, fertilizers, heavy metals, etc. are present.

 

The mechanism of food poisoning:

 

• The water contains bacteria.

• Toxins may be present in the food's raw ingredients.

• The areas where food is prepared might be contaminated with poisons or microbes.

• Some infectious diseases may be present in food handlers.

• Certain animals, such as rats and dogs, might contaminate the food.

• There is a risk of food poisoning if cooked food is left at room temperature for an extended period and then heated again.

• Somebody intentionally mixes toxins into food.

 

Several typical cases of bacterial food poisoning.

 

1-    1-   Food poisoning caused by Salmonella:

Salmonella enteritidis, cholera suis, and typhimurium are among the bacteria that can be found in milk, milk products, and eggs.  Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are signs of this food poisoning.  Additionally typical is fever.

 

2-    2-   Botulism: 

Clostridium botulinum is the cause of this particularly dangerous kind of food poisoning.   The soil contains the spores of these organisms, which are absorbed by the body through pickles, canned fish, and other foods. Vomiting and diarrhoea are uncommon in this case compared to other food poisonings. The nervous system is primarily impacted. Double vision and numbness with weakness are the initial symptoms. Subsequently, there will be respiratory and cardiac failure, paralysis, and death.

 

3-     3-  Staphylococci-related food poisoning:

It is the result of Staphylococcus aureus. These organisms typically cause skin conditions like boils and eruptions. It causes mastitis in cows. It ends with milk and milk products, which also cause gastroenteritis. There will be abdominal cramps and diarrhea.

 

4-     4-  Clostridium-induced food poisoning:

Clostridium perfringens is to blame for this. They are present in feces, soil, and water. Some of the ways they enter the body are through meat, meat dishes, eggs, etc. Cooked food that has been kept at room temperature for a long time and then heated again before consumption may cause food poisoning. Among the symptoms are vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps.

 

5-     5-  Bacillus cereus:

These organisms' spores can cause enteritis and withstand cooking.  Vomiting and diarrhea are typical symptoms of this infection.

 

How do you look into food poisoning?

 

• Check each individual who is impacted.

• Tests should be done on water samples.

• Food samples, the store room, and the kitchen should all be inspected.

• It is important to question and inspect the cook and food handlers.

• To identify the bacteria, samples of vomitus and stool from each victim should be examined.

 

How to avoid becoming ill from eating?

 

• Use of only purified water is advised.

• Everyone who comes into contact with food should practice good hygiene.

• When cooking and serving, employees should wear masks, caps, and gloves.

• Food items shouldn't come into contact with sick people.

• The premises and kitchen should be tidy and spotless.

• Hot water and soap should be used to wash vessels.

• Prepared food shouldn't be left out at room temperature for an extended period.

• All food items need to be stored in sealed containers.

• Food items should not come into contact with animals such as dogs, cats, rats, etc.

• Before cooking, vegetables ought to be cleaned.1

• Meat needs to be fresh and bought from an approved slaughterhouse.